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What's Hot in Workers' Comp

What’s Hot In Workers’ Comp - News and Results*

What’s Hot in Workers’ Comp, Vol. 29, No. 1, January 2025

January 1, 2025

NEWS

Congratulations to Kiara Hartwell (Mount Laurel, NJ), who was elected a shareholder of the firm effective January 1, 2025. A member of the Workers’ Compensation Department since 2016, Kiara devotes her practice to defending employers, insurance carriers and self-insureds in workers’ compensation matters. She authors the New Jersey updates for our What’s Hot monthly workers’ compensation newsletter and frequently writes for external publications. Admitted to practice in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, Kiara is a graduate of New York University and Rutgers University School of Law.

Heather Byrer Carbone (Jacksonville, FL) was recently honored with the John J. Schickel Professionalism and Excellence Award by the E. Robert Williams Inn of Court. Well deserved!

On February 12, 2025, Michele Punturi (Philadelphia, PA) will join a panel at CLM 2025 Focus Conference: Work Comp, Casualty and Risk Management in Lake Buena Vista, FL. In “Workers’ Comp Risk Management Best Practices: Insights from High-Risk Industries,” the panel will address the ongoing challenges of workers’ compensation in high-risk industries. The presenters will share customized risk management strategies, from talent acquisition and safety program development to effective injury management for smooth employee reintegration. For more information, visit https://lm.theclm.org/event/showeventdescription/29195. 
 

 

RESULTS*

Benjamin Durstein (Wilmington, DE) received a favorable decision from the Industrial Accident Board. The Board accepted the testimony of the employer’s medical expert, which acknowledged lumbar spine and cervical spine injuries related to a work accident, although they fully resolved and the claimant returned to his preexisting baseline condition. 

Tony Natale (King of Prussia, PA) reports five recent successful outcomes for our clients. In the first case, Tony successfully defended a Berks County mushroom farm from a claimant’s appeal challenging a full recovery termination award issued by the underlying court, as well as a dismissal of a penalty request/review challenging the nature of the adjudicated injury. The claimant alleged on appeal that the underlying decision of the court was predicated upon “hired-gun” experts and the court should have “nullified” this evidence. Interestingly, as pointed out in the litigation, the claimant was the only party that relied on a “treating expert,” who was hired by the claimant attorney’s to become the “treating physician” in the case. The Appeal Board systematically rejected the claimant’s “appeal to hypocrisy,” and the underlying court decision was affirmed in entirety.

Tony also successfully defended a Pennsylvania medical equipment manufacturing company in the litigation of claim and penalty petitions. The Claim Petition involved an alleged shoulder injury with a judgment on the pleadings due to a late answer. Tony forced the claimant to admit on cross examination that he left work due to reasons other than the alleged shoulder injury. Tony also forced claimant’s medical expert to admit that the claimant was actively treating for a pre-existing shoulder condition which he withheld from the court and the defense expert. The court found the claimant and his expert not to be credible and dismissed all petitions in their entirety, resulting in a complete defense verdict.

Tony received a full defense verdict on behalf of a Pennsylvania medical equipment manufacturing company in the litigation of a claim petition involving an alleged ankle and Achilles Tendon injury. The claimant alleged, while “stepping backwards” at his work station, he felt immediate pain. Tony cross examined the claimant’s medical expert and established that this expert did not treat the claimant for his ankle or Achilles Tendon, was unaware the claimant had a prior ankle fracture with surgery, and admitted the current surgery and disability were the result of a degenerative condition arising out of the prior, unrelated ankle fracture. 

Tony also successfully defended a Montgomery County police department in the litigation of a Claim Petition. The claimant, a police officer, attended an out-of-state extended-stay educational conference. One evening after the conference activities ended, the claimant attended a “booze cruise” where she was imbibing with conference attendees, and she continued to socialize and party back at the hotel. Later that night, she entered her hotel suite (which was shared with another female officer), shining her flashlight in order to change clothes. While changing, her roommate became perturbed over the ruckus. An argument between the two officers ignited and soon thereafter full-fledged fisticuffs. The claimant alleged physical injuries, post-concussive syndrome, mental injuries and total disability. Tony cross examined the claimant and developed an evidence supporting she was not in the course and scope of employment at the time of injury. Tony also presented medical witnesses to support that the claimant did not suffer from post-concussive syndrome or any disabling physical or mental injuries. 

In a workers’ compensation case of first impression in Pennsylvania, Tony successfully defended a Berks County mushroom canning facility from a Claim Petition alleging repetitive trauma injuries to the upper extremities. The claimant worked as a machine operator and alleged that over time his duties caused nerve injuries to both upper extremities. Tony presented medical expert testimony which supported the existence of these nerve damage conditions in the upper extremities but challenged causation. In a modified Frye challenge to the claimant’s medical expert opinions, Tony argued through expert testimony that the state of science and medicine overwhelmingly supports the fact that “repetitive trauma” is not a substantial contributing factor to the development of carpal tunnel and cubital tunnel syndromes. While the court allowed the claimant to present expert testimony to the contrary, it ultimately found Tony’s expert testimony opinions to outweigh the claimant’s experts’ testimony. The court concluded for the first time in Pennsylvania that carpal tunnel syndrome and cubital tunnel syndrome is not borne out through alleged repetitive trauma. 

Andrea Rock (Philadelphia, PA) received a favorable decision where the judge terminated the claimant’s wage loss and medical benefits and denied claimant’s Review Petition to expand the nature of injury based on the opinion of the independent medical examiner. The claimant’s Petition to Review alleged the work injury included cervical radiculopathy, requiring surgical intervention, as well as disfigurement. After reviewing deposition testimony from the claimant, her treating physician and the independent medical evaluator, the judge was specifically persuaded that the claimant did not sustain a cervical spine injury; thus, the surgery was not related as her complaints to her neck did not begin until nearly a week after the original fall. Thus, the claimant’s medical and indemnity benefits were terminated and the review petition was dismissed in its entirety. 

Robert Schenk (Philadelphia, PA) successfully had the claimant’s Claim Petition denied by the judge, and in doing so, the judge found the claimant’s testimony as not credible. Robert established the claimant did not report a work-related injury until after she had been advised light-duty work was only available for employees injured on the job, along with surveillance evidence showing the claimant returning and working on the date of injury with no apparent injury. The claimant’s testimony about prior injuries was also in conflict with contemporaneous hospital records and those medical records showed the claimant had prior low back problems, with no new trauma being reported to the emergency room on the date of injury. 

In another matter, the judge granted Robert’s Petition to Review Medical Treatment. This would have been a termination petition, but the employer’s medical expert found the claimant fully recovered from only two of the three injuries. The judge found the testimony of the employer’s medical expert credible and granted the petition.

In a final case, Robert defended a Claim Petition where the judge awarded wage loss benefits for only three months and then terminated benefits based on the medical opinion of the employer’s medical expert.

A. Judd Woytek (King of Prussia, PA) received three favorable decisions recently. In the first case, Judd successfully defended a Claim Petition that alleged a hip and low back injury. Judd presented video evident showing the claimant limping when he arrived at work the day of the alleged injury. The workers’ compensation judge credited the video and the opinions of our medical expert in denying and dismissing the Claim Petition. 

In a second case, Judd successfully prosecuted a termination petition, arguing a full recovery from a left hand and low back injury. The workers’ compensation judge credited the opinions of our medical expert, that the claimant had fully recovered from his injuries. 

Finally, Judd successfully obtained orders in two separate cases directing the claimants to appear for IMEs as they had no valid excuse for their failure to appear for the IMEs the first time.

*Prior Results Do Not Guarantee a Similar Outcome 


 

What’s Hot in Workers’ Comp, Vol. 29, No. 1, January 2025, is prepared by Marshall Dennehey to provide information on recent legal developments of interest to our readers. This publication is not intended to provide legal advice for a specific situation or to create an attorney-client relationship. We would be pleased to provide such legal assistance as you require on these and other subjects when called upon. ATTORNEY ADVERTISING pursuant to New York RPC 7.1 Copyright © 2025 Marshall Dennehey, all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted without the express written permission of our firm. For reprints or inquiries, or if you wish to be removed from this mailing list, contact tamontemuro@mdwcg.com.

Firm Highlights

Result

No-Cause Jury Verdict Secured in Wrongful Death Trial

We successfully obtained a no-cause jury verdict in a 13-day wrongful death trial. The decedent, a 59-year-old man, was admitted to the emergency room on February 15, 2019, with complaints of abdominal pain, decreased appetite, and constipation, despite the use of laxatives. The patient did not complain of any nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. He had a significant medical history including diabetes, hypertension, prior coronary artery stenting, morbid obesity (with past gastric bypass surgery), longstanding ventral hernia, and back pain. A CT scan revealed multiple hernias and a potential closed-loop bowel obstruction, leading to a surgery consultation. Our client, an emergency general surgeon, interpreted that the patient did not have a closed loop or any significant obstruction and recommended non-surgical management. The patient was approved to have clear liquids, and had a vomiting incident shortly after, but our client was not notified. The patient was returned to NPO status, and after improving overnight, he was returned to “clears” and additional medical and renal consults were ordered. Our client did not receive any communications from the residents/nurses of any changes in the patient’s condition. On February 18, 2019, two rapid responses were called due to increased heart rate and vomiting. It is believed that the vomiting resulted in aspiration, causing sepsis, ultimately leading to the patient’s death. During the trial, the plaintiff’s sole medical expert highlighted imaging on the wrong hernia, which called into question all of his opinions in the case. We made key objections related to the expert testimony, limiting what the allegations were, and preventing new allegations from being made. After approximately two and a half hours of deliberating, the jury returned a no-cause verdict. 

Thought Leadership

New Jersey Appellate Division Affirms Exclusion of Legal Malpractice Expert as Impermissible Net Opinion

Jack Slimm and Jeremy Zacharias obtained a favorable decision on behalf of their client in a case centering on the admissibility of expert testimony in legal malpractice actions. In Martin v. Loury, the New Jersey Appellate Division affirmed the exclusion of a plaintiff's legal malpractice expert, holding that the expert's opinions on causation and damages were too speculative to support the malpractice claim. The legal malpractice action arose from an underlying employment dispute involving claims for damages stemming from the breach of an employment agreement. The plaintiff alleged that defense counsel committed malpractice during a second trial by failing to recall the plaintiff as a rebuttal witness after the employer's CEO testified. According to the plaintiff's expert, additional rebuttal testimony would have bolstered the plaintiff's damages claims and led to a more favorable result. Both the trial court and the Appellate Division rejected that theory. The courts found that the expert could not explain how the proposed rebuttal testimony would have altered the outcome of the underlying case or resulted in any additional recoverable damages. Notably, the trial judge in the underlying employment matter had already rejected the CEO's testimony as not credible and had accepted the damages analysis advanced by the plaintiff. The court had also determined that the amount of damages was not genuinely disputed. As a result, the expert's opinion that additional rebuttal testimony would have produced a better outcome was unsupported by the record and based on speculation rather than evidence. The Appellate Division agreed that neither the plaintiff nor the expert could identify any actual damages attributable to the alleged malpractice or demonstrate the required element of proximate causation. The court further upheld the trial court's application of New Jersey's net opinion doctrine, finding that the expert failed to provide the necessary "why and wherefore" supporting his conclusion that the attorney's conduct caused a compensable loss. Because the opinions rested on unquantified possibilities rather than demonstrable facts, they were inadmissible. Key Takeaway for Legal Malpractice Defendants For attorneys and firms defending legal malpractice claims, Martin v. Loury underscores the importance of closely scrutinizing an opponent's expert report on the critical elements of proximate causation and damages. The decision demonstrates that a malpractice claim cannot survive where an expert merely speculates that different litigation tactics might have produced a better result. Instead, the plaintiff must present admissible expert testimony grounded in the record that explains how the alleged attorney error probably changed the outcome of the underlying matter and resulted in measurable damages.

Thought Leadership

Court Allows Recklessness and Punitive Damages Claims to Proceed After Work‑Zone Crash

In a case where a defendant filed preliminary objections against allegations of recklessness and punitive damages, the Susquehanna County Court of Common Pleas denied these preliminary objections. This case stems from a motor vehicle accident, where the defendants car struck the plaintiffs car after the defendant allegedly fell asleep at the wheel, going at a high rate of speed, through a construction work zone. Defendant first objected to the general allegations throughout the plaintiff’s complaint pertaining to “reckless” conduct contending that there were insufficient factual allegations to support the claim of reckless conduct. Defendant next objected to the plaintiffs claim for punitive damages, as punitive damages may only be assessed against a motorist for falling asleep while driving if there is further evidence to prove driver was aware of their drowsiness and risk of falling asleep. Lastly, defendant objected to plaintiffs complaint, claiming it lacked specificity. The court here found that the plaintiff had included in the complaint specific allegations related to the defendant’s alleged recklessness, including allegations regarding speeding in a work zone, almost striking the flagger, falling asleep at the wheel, and striking the plaintiffs vehicle which was stopped. Additionally, the court noted that falling asleep does not come without warning. The court found that these allegations were sufficient to support an allegation of recklessness at the pleadings stage.

Thought Leadership

Supreme Court of Pennsylvania Holds That Public Policy Does Not Prevent Insurance Coverage for Sex Trafficking Claims

On July 21, 2026, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania issued an opinion emphasizing the limited circumstances in which courts may invoke public policy to bar insurance coverage, holding in Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Ltd. (U.S. Branch) v. RI Settlement Trust that Pennsylvania public policy does not preclude coverage for claims alleging that insureds enabled or profited from human sex trafficking. The decision rejects a line of federal district court decisions predicting otherwise and reinforces that Pennsylvania courts will invoke the public policy doctrine only in the clearest of circumstances. RI Settlement is particularly significant because it arose on certified questions from the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, giving the Supreme Court the opportunity to resolve an issue on which federal courts had predicted Pennsylvania law differently. RI Settlement arose out of four separate civil complaints in which the underlying plaintiffs alleged that, as minors, they were the victims of human sex trafficking at various hotels in Philadelphia. The plaintiffs claimed that the hotel owners were negligent in failing to stop the sex trafficking from happening at their hotels. After the filing of the lawsuits, the hotel owners sought coverage under their Commercial General Liability policies. The insurers initially defended the hotels under Reservation of Rights letters, though the carriers later filed Declaratory Judgment actions seeking declarations that they did not owe a duty to defend or indemnify. In short, the insurers argued in the alternative that they did not owe any obligation to provide coverage based upon Pennsylvania public policy (because the claims violated the Human Trafficking Law – 18 Pa.C.S. § 3011) and the terms and conditions of the policy. On motions for judgment on the pleadings, the District Court found for the insurers on the basis of public policy: There is no duty to defend or indemnify against actions arising out of an insured's criminal conduct related to the sex trafficking of minors. The Court appreciates that it may make public policy the basis of a judicial decision only in “the clearest of cases.” See Minnesota Fire & Cas. Co. v. Greenfield, 589 A.2d 854, 868 (Pa. 2004) (quoting Hall v. Amica Mut. Ins. Co., 648 A.2d 755, 760 (Pa. 1994)). Yet, the Court strains to imagine a clearer case than the one presented here in which the facts alleged indicate that Policyholders engaged in criminal conduct in violation of Pennsylvania's Human Trafficking Law. The hotel owners appealed the matter to the Third Circuit, which petitioned the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania to grant review of two certified questions of law: (1) whether Pennsylvania law had an “overriding public policy” against sex trafficking, such that an insurer’s duty to defend and/or indemnify is abrogated when an insured is alleged to have enabled or profited from such trafficking; and (2) if yes, is that duty abrogated whenever the insured’s alleged conduct would constitute a violation of the Pennsylvania Human Trafficking statute. Importantly, the certified questions did not ask the Supreme Court to determine whether the policies afforded coverage under their terms. Rather, the court was asked only whether Pennsylvania public policy independently barred coverage. As a result, the court assumed for purposes of answering the certified questions that the insurers otherwise owed a duty to defend and addressed only the public policy issue, leaving all policy-based coverage defenses for further proceedings. Because the court concluded that the answer to the first certified question was “no”, it did not reach the second issue. In reaching its determination that Pennsylvania public policy does not prohibit insurance coverage for sex trafficking claims, the court limited the impact of its decision in Minnesota Fire & Cas. Co. v. Greenfield, 855 A. 2d 854, 855 (Pa. 2004), which the RI Settlement opinion emphasized as having been an “Opinion Announcing Judgment of the Court” – or a plurality opinion. In Greenfield, the insured homeowner was sued by the estate of his houseguest who overdosed from heroin that he sold to her. The matter wound its way to the Supreme Court, which determined that the insurer did not owe a duty to defend or indemnify based upon Pennsylvania public policy, which criminalized the sale and use of heroin as a Schedule I narcotic. In RI Settlement, the court “decline[d] the invitation” to extend the rationale of the three-justice plurality in Greenfield beyond cases involving Schedule I controlled substances. In so holding, the justices in RI Settlement refused to “divine an overriding public policy pronouncement by the General Assembly by virtue of its enactment of the Human Trafficking Law.” The opinion further states that it is not “within the purview of this Court to rank the magnitude of the public policy underlying the various crimes defined in the Crimes Code. It is sufficient for the work of the courts to know that the General Assembly has identified conduct it deems harmful and dangerous to the maintenance of an orderly society and criminalized it.” While the court declined to declare that Pennsylvania public policy prohibits coverage for sex trafficking claims, the opinion in RI Settlement expressly states that insurers are free to include appropriate exclusionary language for such causes of actions in their policies if they desire to do so. It will certainly be interesting to see whether the insurance industry accepts the court’s invitation, or perhaps whether the Pennsylvania legislature steps in to clarify that sex trafficking claims are indeed of the type or magnitude that they should not be covered by insurance. In any event, we will, of course, continue to monitor this and other insurance coverage issues that arise before courts in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and throughout our firm’s geographic footprint and around the country.